NAME___________________
BIOLOGY 190-PRINCIPLES OF MODERN BIOLOGY-EXAM I
Fall, 2001, Section HN
101
Note: I am posting this old exam on our class web page w/o providing an answer key except that I have explained the answers to what I consider the more difficult questions. Your text and CD have questions with answer keys; I suggest that you do those problems first and then do these problems and analyze for yourself—with the help of the book if necessary—whether you got them right or wrong. If you get stuck you can call or e-mail me or talk to me about any questions you have for a specific question from this exam.
Note: This exam ignored Chapter 1 and the first lecture; for this semester
expect a few
questions on the first lecture and Chapter 1.
(There are 30 multiple choice questions for a total of 70 pts. plus a section of hand-written answers at the end for 30 pts. making a total of 100 pts.)
1. The positively charged subatomic particle of the atom is the
A. proton B. neutron C. electron D. quark
2. An ion is an atom or group of atoms that:
A. Are radioactive
B. Have a negative charge
C. Have a positive charge
D. Have either a negative or a
positive charge
3. How many electrons does carbon have in its outer shell:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5
4. The chemical properties of atoms—their tendency to combine with other atoms—is due to the arrangement and number of. their:
A. protons B. neutrons C. electrons D. nucleus E. gamma rays
5. The atomic number of nitrogen is 7; therefore you would expect it form how many single bonds:
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4
6. The smallest particle of water that can still be called water is:
A. an atom B. a crystal C. an element D. a molecule E. an ion
7. Which of the following holds atoms together in a molecule?
a. transfer of protons from one
atom to another
b. sharing of
electrons between atoms
c. loss
of neutrons by atoms
d. sharing
of protons between atoms.
8. We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C (a molecule) are equal in their:
A. weight in Daltons B. weight in grams C. number of molecules D. number of atoms
9. An acid is a substance that:
A. contains hydrogen
B. forms covalent bonds with
other substances
C. donates
hydrogen ions to solutions
D. is
a versatile solvent
E. removes
hydrogen ions from solution
10. Which bonds must be broken for water to evaporate (turn from a liquid to a gaseous form)?
A. hydrogen
B. polar covalent
C. non polar covalent
D. Van der Waals
E. Ionic
Note: I originally used the word vaporize instead of evaporate; a colleague warned me that some students would think vaporization means destruction as in the atomic bomb vaporized the car. It takes quite a lot to vaporize steel; however vaporizing water just means that the water evaporated.
11. A glass of grapefruit juice at pH 3 contains __ H+ as a glass of tomato juice at pH 4:
A. one-tenth as much
B. half as much
C. twice as much
D. three times as much
E. ten times as much.
12. Blueberries grow best in a moderately acidic soil. What is an appropriate pH of a soil that is good for blueberries?
A. 7.0 B. 1.2 C. 8.3 D. 4.8 E. 12.0
13. Glucose has a molecular weight of 180 daltons or atomic mass units. Which of the following will make a solution of two-molar glucose:
A. 360 grams of glucose plus
enough water to make a half liter of solution
B. 360 grams of glucose plus enough water to make a
liter of solution
C. 360 grams of
glucose plus enough water to make two liters of solution
D. 180 grams of glucose plus enough water to make 4
liters of solution
E. 720 grams
of glucose plus enough water to make a liter of solution.
14. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about ionic bonds:
A. hydrophobic
B. compound is called a salt
C. dissolve in water
D. involve cations and anions
E. hydrophilic
15. In order to get an enantiomer you need:
A. a carbon atom with a double
bond and three different groups attached
B. a nitrogen atoms with three different groups attached
C. a carbon atom with four
different groups attached
D. a
phosphorous atom with four oxygen ions attached
E. formic acid from an ant’s salivary gland
16. Suppose NASA brought back soil from Mars and some NASA scientists claimed to have discovered Martian bacteria in the soil, but skeptics said the soil had been contaminated by regular bacteria from Earth. Which of the following would lend credence to the claim that the bacteria really were extra-terrestial?
A. analysis of the bacterial
proteins showed that they were made up of about 20 different amino acids
B. analysis of the bacterial
proteins showed that their amino acids consisted of equal mixtures of each
enantiomer of the
amino
acid
C. analysis of the bacterial
DNA showed that it was composed of four nucleotides: adenine, thymine, cytosine,
guanine
D. analysis of the
bacterial RNA showed that it was compose of four nucleotides: uracil, adenine,
cytosine and guanine.
17. The following functional group is basic:
A. Carboxyl B. Amino C. Hydroxyl D. Phosphate
18. Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is correct:
A. They are more common in animals
than plants
B. They have double
bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids
C. They generally solidify at room temperature
D. They contain more hydrogen
than saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms
E. They have fewer fatty acid
molecules per fat molecule
19. Which of the following do nucleic acids and proteins have in common?
A. They are both made up of amino
acids
B. Their structures
contains sugars
C. They are
hydrophobic
D. They are large
polymers
E. They each consist of
four basic kinds of subunits
20. How does DNA differ from RNA?
A. Answers C, D and E, below, are
correct
B. None of the answers
below is correct
C. They contain
different sugars
D. One of their
nitrogenous bases is different
E.
DNA is usually double stranded and RNA is usually single stranded
Note: In eukaryotic cells we encounter double stranded DNA and single stranded RNA. However, when we study viruses later on we will find that viruses can have either double or single stranded RNA or double or single stranded DNA as their genetic material. Here answer A is correct stating that C, D, and E are all correct; E is correct because of the word “usually.”
21. Under DNA base pairing rules you would expect the percentage of_____ to be equal to the percentage of _______in a given molecule of DNA
A. Adenine, Thymine
B. Adenine,
Guanine
C.
Thymine, Guanine
D. Adenine, Cytosine
E.
Thymine, Cytosine
22. Which component is not a normal part of a nucleotide:
A. 5-carbon sugar B. phosphate C. nitrogen containing base D. triglyceride
23. An example of secondary structure of proteins is:
A. the sequence of amino acids
making up the polypeptide chain
B. an alpha helix formed in part of the polypeptide
chain
C. the overall three
dimension shape of the protein
D.
4 different polypeptide chains making up the hemoglobin molecule
24. The peptide bonds between amino acids in a polypeptide chain are:
A. hydrogen bonds B. ionic bonds C. covalent bonds D. Van der Waals bonds
25. Which of the following is not a polysaccharide:
A. chitin B. cellulose C. starch D. glucose E. glycogen
26. What is the name of the structural polysaccharide found in plants?
A. maltose
B. glycogen
C. cellulose
D. ribose
E. adenosine triphosphate
27. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a body of matter is called:
A. calorie
B. heat
of vaporization
C. mole
D. buffer
E. temperature
Note: E is the answer and the question comes from the textbook’s glossary definition of temperature. This question illustrates why you ought to read glossary definitions, even of words you think you know like temperature. Also, even if you weren’t sure of how temperature is defined you might be able to get the correct answer by a process of elimination.
28. Biological polymers such as proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids are made:
A. By linking monomers together in
a condensation or dehydration reaction which results in a water molecule being
formed as
2 monomers are linked together
B.
By hydrolysis in which a water molecule is added and used as a sort of glue to
hold two polymers together
C. In
the cell membrane
D. In the cell
nucleus
29. The following two molecules are:
Note: The diagram is omitted here so
you can’t answer this question; there might be a diagram of two isomers on this
semester’s exam as well; this question was a variation on Q5 from Chapter 4 of
the textbook.
A. Structural isomers
B. Enantiomers
C. Geometric Isomers
D. Mirror Images
30. The asymmetric carbon atom in the molecule pictured is:
Note: Again, the diagram is missing; this question is a variation on Q6 from Chapter 4 of the textbook.
A. #1
B. #2
C.
#3
D. #4
Biology Exam I-Hand written answer questions-Answer 5 of the following 10 questions; Answer questions on the back pages of this exam. If you answer more than 5, only the first 5 will be graded. Identify each question by number answer. (Each of these 5 questions is worth 6 pts.)
Note: Expect 1-4 hand-written answers in the future worth 10-20 points out of the exam’s 100, except on the final it will probably be all multiple choice.
1. Describe the similarities and differences between the bond types emphasized in class (ionic, polar covalent, non-polar covalent, and hydrogen).
2. Describe four properties of water molecules that arise due to
hydrogen bonding and what
effect(s) each property has on life.
3. Why is an ionic bond considered a weak bond?
4. Peanut butter from the local health food store is what comes out of the
grinder when peanuts
are ground. The label on Skippy PeanutButter says it
contains partially hydrogenated vegetable
oil. Why do the folks at Skippy
alter mother nature’s product? Explain using material from class and the
textbook.
5. Why are helium (atomic number 2), neon (atomic number 10), and argon (atomic number 18) considered the noble or chemically inert (unreactive) gases?
6. List and describe the 4 levels of protein structure
7. Describe the different types of isomers we discussed in class with a real or made up example of each; use diagrams to demonstrate different types.
8. Draw a pH scale with the numbers corresponding to the different pH’s and label the most acidic, the most basic and the neutral points and place 2 common substances approximately where they belong on the pH scale.
9. (Two parts—both required if you choose this question) Many elements such as hydrogen have an atomic weight in Daltons or atomic mass units that is close to a whole number. However, chlorine has an atomic weight of about 35.5. What is a likely explanation for this uneven atomic weight. Also, how much does a mole of HCl weigh?
10. Your blood pH must be in the range of pH greater than 7.0 to less than pH
7.8 or you will likely die. What is the chief blood buffering agent and how does
it work?